Long-term use of immunosuppressive agents induced listeria meningitis: A case report

This article describes the clinical presentation of a patient with listeria meningitis induced by long-term application of immunosuppressive drugs and the course of his treatment. The patient had a previous history of asthma, 8 years after thymoma surgery, and long-term cyclosporine, with the addition of Medrol in April 2022, and drug therapy resulting in immune deficiency. After admission, the diagnosis of septic meningitis(Listeria monocytogenes infection) was confirmed with blood culture, cerebrospinal fluid culture and second-generation gene sequencing(next generation sequencing, NGS) results. After consultation by our neurology department, the patient was given symptomatic treatment with mannitol and Depakene in combination with high cranial pressure and seizures, and his condition was controlled and transferred to a local hospital for 10 days after inpatient treatment he patient's condition improved and was discharged from the hospital. The diagnosis and treatment of this patient suggest that although listeria meningitis is rare, immunocompromised patients need to be alerted to the possibility of secondary infection, and the combination of clinical manifestations, blood culture, lumbar puncture and high-throughput sequencing results is crucial for definite diagnosis, treatment and even control of the disease.